Thinking activity : Culture and study

Hello reader,   

  Welcome to read my blog.We always observed so many things in a day. Then we also think upon that.It is our lifestyle. In a we can say it our culture. Cultural word consist a brod meaning in itself. Every a small moment of us reflect our culture. To get more information click here. 


Culture:

   When we say this word out reflect our attitude,, tradition, belief, behaviour, Art, Food, language, system,thinking and so on. We can not defined it in any definition it will may be imperfect definition,because to define any think is our own interpretation.

  When we say culture is study of perfection it also study of general perfection, perfection to became something but not what you have.

                   

Anarchy:

  

 This word is not opposite word of culture but it also can  reflect the culture. 

There are several chapters in this essay by Matthew Arnold. Some key point and how I understand it? That is here. 

Critique	Key point	How I understand it?
Culture	Study of perfection	According to Arnold culture is internal rather than external perfection.
Sweetness and light	Sweetness is moral  righteousness and light means is intellectual power and truth.	This words sweetness and light  frist used by Swift in his work The Battle of the book, after that  Arnold use this words in his work Culture and Anarchy.sweetness and light means beauty and intelligence
Doing as one like	libarty ,freedom	A man can do whatever he wants to do. If he and she can do with freedom that is 'doing as one like '.but when we talk  to do anything means not anything because some limit and influence will stop us to do that .It also about to remove the darkness.sometime it shows like anti -social activities.
Barbarian  Philippines  Populac	Privileged  Money minded lower class people ,Tradition,firmness	This is group is at a top position out of three groups.They are open minded. This group of people are at second position in the hierarchy.They always try to get the position of Barbarian.  This group is placed at below. This is the hard working class. They are different than the two other group. We can find that they are  orthodox. They believe in old rule and rituals, also people of this group not accept new thing and change easily it takes time.
Hebraism and Hellenism	Aim of both is perfection and salvation	We know that passing the time with maturity also increase so one can try to be perfect. Then we have questions which parameters  will check that perfection.  The best man is he who tries to perfect himself.
Porro Unum est Necessarium	But one things is necessary	Porro Unum est  necessarium is gives the balance between Hellenism and Hebraism. One is emphasis on getting knowledge  and other one is emphasis on faith.
Our liberal  Practitioner

Thanking Activity : Victorian Age and some writers

Hello Readers

  Welcome to my blog. This is a activity which is given by Vaidehi ma'am (mkbu). Here she given work on some Victorian writers. So let's discuss it and peep in the work of writer and their time. I also wrote something about the romantic age and the Victorian age how  these age is different from eachother.

Romantic age × Victorian age

  Romantic age is takes the place 1770 and ending in the year about 1830.In this age we can see that literature praise the nature a lot. While in the Victorian era takes place from the 1832,we can not see the praise of nature in this time as in romantic era.

Tendency of Romanticism 

1) Romantic Enthusiasiasm

2) An Age of Poetry 

3)Realism

4) worship of nature 

           Both movmenat change the time and thinking of people and came with new idea and concepts.

                  So that's why we can see the change also in culture of England.The victorian age is one of the most remarkable periods in the history of England. It was an era of material prosperity, political consioussness, democratic reform, industrial and mechanical progress and religious uncertainty.

                          

        Victorian Age is age of education, age of democracy and also age of religious tolerance and growing brotherhood. This age may we can say started 1832 and after 1901 Twentieth century started.

The literary Tendency of The Victorian Age :

 1) The uniqueness of Individuality
 2) The age of prose and novel
 3) Realism 
 4) The springs of Romanticism 
 5) The scientific Spirit 

  There were many famous and prominent writer and poet in this age, 

1.  Alfred  Tennyson 

2.  George Eliot 

3.  Robert Browning 

4.  Charles Dickens  ect. 

   So let's discuss some work and different between the poets of Victorian age. 

Alfred Tennyson : (1809-1892)

   Alfred Tennyson is prominent poet of Victorian age.  In the year 1830 Tennyson published Poems, Chiefly Lyrical. The volume included poems such as "Mariana," "The Kraken," and "Ode to Memory." "Mariana" is one of Tennyson's most famous works. In 1832 Tennyson published Poems, which included "The Lady of Shalott", "The Palace of Art," and "Oenone".

       In 1847 Tennyson published "The Princess: A Medley," and in 1850 he finally published 'In Memoriam' anonymously.From the one by one editions of that poem brought Tennyson a great of fame and money. "Maud, and Other Poems" was published in 1855, The Idylls of the King was published in 1859.

               

                  

Tennyson was admired by Prince Albert and Queen Victoria. The Queen described her first impression after meeting him: "very peculiar looking, tall, dark, with a fine head, long black flowing hair & a beard, — oddly dressed, but there is no affectation about him." Tennyson accepted an offer of barony in 1883 and took his seat in the House of Lords in March 1884.



Robert Bowning: (1812-1889)

How good  is man's life, the mere living! how fit to employ 

All the heart and the soul and the senses for ever in joy  !

 This lines from the Browing's Saul,  we have a suggestion of the astonishing bigot and hope that characterize all the work of Robert Browing. He  got the place beside the Tennyson, he is also a well known poet of the age.

   His poem is not that much easy to understand, but it takes so much thinking to get the meaning what is the poem want to say. He also compared with Shakespeare,the reader will understand that he has very little of Shakespeare 'S dramatic talent. 

   
     Browning  gave so many works and here some name of his work which are best known volume :

Dramatic Lyrics (1842)
Dramatic Romance and lyrics (1845)
Dramatic Persone (1846)

George Eliot:(1819-1880)

   George Eliot  is women novelist. She was very famous novelist but she didn't published her work with her original name. She wrote Middle March  novel. This work is very famous. In this work  we can see the women society's reflection of those time. Situation , equality and different between the gender. 

Charles Dickens: (1812-1870)

  Charles Dickens is one of the well known writers of Victorian age. He wrote upon the child situation of his time in England. His work Oliver Twist is all about the child discourse of that time. England had so many countries under its rein but than even there are worst situation  we can find through  the literature.

        During this time we can find so many changes in the society. Women writers are there and woman also can write and published but they have no right to do writing and publish book. So That's why George Eliot changed her name to publish the work. 

    Give your suggestions and  comments below.... 

Thank you... 

Thinking activity : Deconstruction

Hello viewers,

   We all  doing criticism of something and we know we are doing that. So, when we talk about criticism, there are theory of criticism in criticism of literature. As  my blog title 'DECONSTRUCTION ' is one of them. This is the thinking activity which is part of my task.If you know more about click here.

     Now first we see what is deconstruction?Deconstruction is a theory in criticism of literature.Derrida talk about this theory. He was influenced by the Martin Heidegger. He also rethink about the western philosophy. He was a philosopher.Deconstruction is theory which one can say they learn it but no one learn it. You have many way to define something but 'Deconstruction' can not be define. It easy to read but not easy to apply on any text.It is about the understanding of text and meaning. How language is used in that such text and what it signified.we can say the word as sign and after that signifier and dignified. This way we can go deeper into the text to find real meaning and to understand the language. 

   We can apply this theory by raising the questions and went to the skeleton of any text, serial  and any ad. Here also I take one as of the 'Fair and lovely' and trying to deconstruct it.  We all know that to get any kind of job its requirements are education and skill. But this ad try to say that to be fair is most important than that. If one is fair they can get job easily. 

   This kind of problems we can find in women  that they want to look fair enough.Advertisers of skin lightening creams and others have shown people mostly women with darkskin as having problems when it comes to finding jobs,in this as we can see that the girl is also dark,if girl have white skin they will get job and  getting married and generally being accepted by society. One of such classic ad shows a retaired father with money problems laments that he didn't have a son to bail him out. His dark-skinned daughter decides she'll be a son and uses a fairness cream to land on a coveted job as a flight attentant.The so called fairness cream ad which i mentioned here is "Fair n lovely" 

  We can see the cloth of girl also pink and the colour of that cream from tube that also pink because it's belief that girls like the colour pink most.The college is also only women college. So it symbolise to only girl and all knows that girl always want look beautiful.

               

 In this picture we can see the cloth colour is also pink. At the end when this girl got the job she invited at her school.In this as there is no conversation but as is done by song. 

That time camera focus on the girls who have dark skin so I thought this ad want prove that who have white skin those can get the job but who have dark skin they can't. So, they make fairness superior than the skill ,potential and education.

• 

In this picture she address the lady behind her who is dark and song line is like.... 

"जो मिटा सकती है हर मुश्किल... "

We have logic that this kind of cream can not give you any kind of fairness,, it's just a cream. This cream's fiva fainess treatment will not help you to be beautiful with fairness from darkness. 

"नया  फेर &लवली ये चाबी है मेरे पास... "

        

  This one also about the  fairness cream ad by fair and lovely Hindustan Unilever . In  as we can find again a girl for need of fairness not boy. She want became airhostage. In that job we can see the girl,they all are beautiful. So as the as about the fairness the girl became fair and look very beautiful. Now she is aligible for such kind of job. Everyone look her also the interviewer and other  and  she got the job but without any interview,otherwise there are interviewer but at that time question raised in our mind that they only want the beauty for the job ?No. It is not truth but although this kind of cream and try to attrect us and we use this kind of products. 

Thank you ...

Thinking activity :Structuralism

Hello viewers,

 

   This blog is about the structuralism. This blog is part of our thinking activity given by Dr Dilip Barad sir.

                  

When we talk about the structuralism we should know first that what is structuralism?

    Structuralism is a method of interpreting and analysing such things as language, literature, and society, which focuses on contrasting ideas or elements of structure and attempts to show how they relate to the whole structure.It study of culture. Structuralism is study of literary text, film and any advertizement.

    This structuralism is explained by the Genett.He give the concept of narratology. In this narratology there he gives the five kinds of steps to get the deep meaning. To go to its skeleton. 

1. Order
2. Frequency
3. Duration
4. Voice
5. Mood

 1. Order:   

  

       Order talks about the event how they happen in  any story and in plot.
Ex,  In the movie when we see  Drishyam; We see that order of the Events are in form of C, A, B. That murderer is caught first and then We found murder is happen and at last cause of murder is known.

We also see this events form in the movie Tarzan the wonder car.

2. Frequenc:

     The separation between event and it's narration allows several possibilities.

  1. Event occur Once and be narrated Once.

 2. Events occurs in once and be narrated  in times.

 3. Events occurs in times and be narrated once.

 4.Event occurs in times and be narrated in times.

Ex.   Dialogue by Hamlet :To be or not to be.. 

                     Oliver Twist : I want some more, sir.

We can also say that some news of accident and any other also which happen once but narrated so many times.

 3. Duration : 

    

  The separation between an event and it's narration means there is discourse time and narrtive time.
      Ex:  when we watch movie Jashne Ishq Ka   in the beginning we see that the heros are shown as child and time and narrtive time is changing they became young. That time leap we can find in the movie Mujse shadi karogi ? T. V.  Serial like Utaran, Also in  Ye rishta kya kehlata hai?  Niara and naksh became young. 

4. Voice: 

 Voice is concerned with who narrate and from where. 

Narration is of two type one is Intra diegetic and Extra diegetic. 

Intra diegetic means story is narrated from the inside the text. 

Ex: movie Chichore is intera diegetic. Because one of the character himself narrated the story.

 Extra diegetic narration, we  can see that the person who look story is not the characters in movie and serial. In the  movie Jodha Akbar that movie narrated by Amitabh bachchan and also  the serial narrated by Om puri.  

In voice We also talk about who narrated story if person who narrated story than it become Hetero diegetic.
    Ex :  when we see the movie Kabul We see that the the hero himself narrated story of movie. We also find one more example of intra dietetic Chennai express. This movie narrated by Shah Rukh Khan and he also in a lead role in this movie. 

5. Mood : 

       Genette said narrative mood is dependent on the 'distance' and 'perspective' of the narrator, and like music, narrative mood has predominant patterns. It is related to voice.
    Ex:  when we look at the Mahabharata serial   samay is narrator.

                  

This picture came with dialogue that में समय हु। ( I'm time) This picture shows  the narrative things we can't say a human, because time is narrator but not a human. 

So this how we can find  some example of movie and serial. 

Thank you for visiting my blog and give your suggestions and comment below.... 

Sunday reading activity :reflective blog on Literature and Religion

 Hello viewers,

  This blog is about the Sunday reading activity on literature and Religion... Northrop Frye 'S an essay on An archetype on literature applied on here given link. Click here .

   As we know that literature is about the myth, ritual, history philosophy and so on. Northrop Frye gave the essay on Archetype on literature. It is deals with the patterns of text or literature and it is observed the symbol in literature.

 

       Literature  gives us the way of thinking. When we criticised any literary work  may be there are some limitation of our thinking and understand to it.It gives us chance to go beyond the text to get meaning of it.

      Science is working with evidence and they didn't find evidence of God,but they talk about the energy and divine power which we called God. We have faith in God.

        Religion is related with myth, God superstition, society custom and so on. But when we logically think upon religion it all made by our own human society.

     Now Dharma,it is all about morality and ethic.Dharma teaches us morality so someway religion and Dharma  both are different. We can change religion but not dharma.

Above  I given the link this blog is reflected on that.


Science investigates the natural world, while religion deals with the spiritual and supernatural — hence, the two can be complementary. Many religious organizations have issued statements declaring that there need not be any conflict between religious faith and the scientific perspective on evolution.


There are many differences, but one primary difference distinctly separating the two is that science is discovered, whereas literature is invented. The laws/principles of science have always been around, only for scientists to discover those phenomena through years of experiments.

       There never has been. The term dharma does not mean religion. It simply means duty.but people understand it as religion and related with God. But when we talk about god there is nothing like God and  evidence of existence of god. It is a divine power which we can not see but this power gives us positivity and a kind of faith on it and we called it God.

       Duty could be social duty, often interpreted in caste terms in the dharmashastras. So kshatriya-dharma would be war and shudra-dharma service. But there could also be universal duties, like ahimsa (non-violence) and anrishamsyata (non-cruelty). Duty could also be individual, such as towards gods, ancestors, teachers and the poor, where duty assumes the sense of a debt that can never be fully paid. Next to dharma was karma, sacred activities like sacrifice, worship and pilgrimage, which varied greatly across regions and communities.we can say that there are 11 duties in dharma and gandhiji also believe in this ..

સત્ય, અહિંસા, ચોરી ન કરવી, વણજોતુ ન સંઘરવું બ્રહ્મચર્યને, જાતે મહેનત કોઈ અડે ના અભડાવુ, અભય, સ્વદેશી  સ્વાત્યાગને સર્વ ધર્મ સરખા ગણવા, આ અગિયારસે મહાવ્રત સમજી નમ્ર પણે દ્રઢ આચરવા...

 Dharma teaches us these moral view to live life and make our life good. 

Northrop Frye said in his essay about the god and gave his own  interpretation and view about god.. 

"God for the critic, whether he finds him in Paradise Lost or the Bible, is a character in a human story; and for the critic all epiphanies are explained, not in terms of the riddle of a possessing god or devil, but as mental phenomena closely associated in their origin with dreams."

We never questioned for existence of God to the Dharma guru or any other because their believe in god's so strong as same with other rituals of death and birth. That rituals also related with God and  religion. Region is related with the spirituality and super powers.

India has many religions...

In India we can see so many people believe in  various religion. Hindu (sindhu: on the river name sindh )after passing time it became Hindu, Islam, Jain, Buddha, Sikh and other.

When we talking about myth they also a part of literature but it also teaches  us morality.Like a epic we have  Ramayana and Mahabharatat.Ram and Krishna are symbol of goodness and Ravan and Kans are  symbol of bad or evil. Everythimg is related with Karma theory. 

This three science, religion and literature  they all are related with the corner of triangle but someway not... 

Thank you for visit my blog... Give your suggestions and comment... 

Thinking activity :Northrop Frye - The Archetypes of literature

Hello viewers,

  This blog is about The Archetypes of literature which is essay by Northrop Frye. How it is helpfull to understand the literary text and symbol as well also pattern.Thi activity is given by Dr. Dilip Barad sir.

1.What is Archetypal Criticism? What does the archetypal critic do?

The term of archetype means an original idea or pattern of something of which others are copies. Archetypal approach is the interpretation of text in the light of cultural pattern involved in it and this cultural patterns are based on the myth and rituals of areas our nation or social group

In literary criticism the term archetype denotes recurrent designs,pattern of action,character-type,themes and images which are identifiable in a wide variety of works of literature,it also doing study of myths,dreams and even social rituals. The archetypal critic tries to find this pattern,symbols and myths in present literary work.It go to skeleton of text to understand the pattern and symbol in literature.

Archetype  criticism studies of structure and sets as well as also observe critique conceptually as a science.

2.What is Frye trying prove by giving an analogy of ' Physics to Nature' and 'Criticism to Literature'?

He talk about the semantic difficulty. Physic is an organised body of knowledge about nature and a student of it say that he is learning physics not that he is learning nature art like nature is the subject of a systematic study and has to be distinguished from the study itself which is criticism  it is impossible to learn literature but we can say that learn criticism of literature but we can't learn literature .Northrop Frye has given a very unique idea of Archetypal Criticism by comparing the human emotions or human characteristics with the cycle of seasons.

Spring

Spring symbolizes the defeat of winter and darkness.The Spring season represents the Comedy. As the genre of comedy is characterized by the birth of hero,revival and resurrection.

Summer

The season of summer shown the Romance because summer is the culmination of life in the seasonal calendar, and the romance genre culminates with some sort of triumph,and most of as season of marriage.

 Autumn

The Autumn season signify the genre of Tragedy. As the Autumn is the dying stage of the seasonal calendar. This season  indicate the the fall of protogonist.

 Winter

 The season of winter denotes the satire genre because of its darkness. It is a disillusioned   and mocking form of the three other genres.It is noted for its darkness,dissolution,the return  of chaos and the defeat of heroic figure.

3.Share your views of Criticism as an organised body of knowledge. Mention relation of literature with history and philosophy.

Literature is the central division of the Humanities, flanked on one side by history and on the other side by philosophy.Here we can say that history and philosophy are twin pillars of literature.History represents event of the past . Basically history is about past events and actions. While Philosophy is about morality and ethics of life. Frye has used the word centrifugal which means to go away from literature and find background to understand literature.So for the batter understanding of the literature reader have to refer the  history and philosophy for the understanding of ethics and moeality.

4.Briefly explain inductive method with illustration of Shakespeare's Hamlet's Grave Digger's scene.

Inductive method is journey which leads from specific to general.As we read some specific literary work and comes to a general conclusion,in this way we extend from specific outcome to general outcome.The best example of this method is grave digging scene from Hamlet, it is a specific scene and from that scene we come to some general conclusion. In that scene there were two grave diggers and they seemed in  quite in harmony with their work.They were talking with one another and singing a song during the time of grave digging.They were also mocking on dead Ophelia and commented that whether she allowed to buried or not. Here we can see that they have no grief for deadly one.It was their work and that's why they were habituated with it. It became their general work so they have  no emotion for dead one.

5.Briefly explain deductive method with reference to an analogy to Music, Painting, rhythm and pattern. Give examples of the outcome of deductive method.

An Archetype critic  under the deductive method analysis proceeds to establish the meaning of a word from the general truth to the particular truth literature is like music and painting rhythm is an essential characteristic of music and in painting pattern is the chief virtue.

Deductive method is a journey from general to specific.Music and rhythm both are the form of art. Music is a form of art which moves in time and painting is a form of art which moves in space.Music is rhythm and painting is pattern. In a music we can understand the rhythm of it while in painting we can understand the pattern of it.Rhythm is a narrative form,while pattern is simultaneous mental grasp of verbal structure and it has meaning and significance.

We can see the picture in space and music in time. You can see the painting in a moment but music take time.

સોનાવરણી સીમ બની

મેહુલિયે કીધી મ્હેર રે ભાઈ મોસમ આવી મહેનતની...

નદીઓના જળને લોકોમાં લહેર રે 

ભાઈ મોસમ આવી મહેનતની...

 લીલો કંચન બાજરો ને 

ઉજળો દૂધ કપાસ રે 

જુવાર લો તો લૂમેઝૂમે હૈયામાં ઉલ્લાસ રે 

ઉપર ઊજળા આભમાં કુંજડીઓના કિલ્લોલ રે 

વાતા મીઠા વાયરા ને લેતા મોલ હિલોળ રે 

લિ'યો પછેડી દાતરડાં આજ સીમ કરે છે સાદ રે 

રંગે સંગે કામ કરીએ થાય મલક આબાદ રે 

રળનારો તે માનવી ને દેનારો ભગવાન 

સોનાવરણી સીમ બની ભાઈ મેહુલિયે કીધી મ્હેર રે...

   In this presented  poem written by Nathalal Dave. He describes the happiness of farmer bacause season of harvest is coming. Farm are full with grains and farmers are ready to harvest with great enthusiasm . Thus, the season of harvesting is presented in this poem.This season of monsoon. Farmers are happy for that, because of they are earning after that.